Indonesia needs billions of dollars of investment to build or modernise airports, roads, railways and power plants.

Its economic growth has lagged far behind that of China and India, partly because of its crumbling infrastructure, and the government wants to privatise many state companies, from steel plants to palm oil plantations, to raise urgently needed funds.

The chaos on Friday, when flooding brought the capital to a standstill and trapped thousands in traffic jams for more than 12 hours, pushed some of the financiers Indonesia needs to threaten to avoid the country.

"Memo to self: do not visit Jakarta in the rainy season again," wrote Hong Kong-based economist Jim Walker in a note to clients after taking nine hours to get Jakarta airport, normally a journey of no more than one hour.

"Today's traffic problems are an apt metaphor for Indonesia: stuck in first gear with long periods of sitting around waiting for the jam to clear. The country has ... lousy leadership, weak institutions and below-potential growth," wrote Walker, formerly CLSA's chief Asia economist, now head of an independent research firm in Hong Kong.

One Jakarta-based banker, who took four hours to get to town from the airport after hitching a ride on an army truck, said he had told his head office not to send any more investors or staff to Jakarta until the floods had subsided.

RAIN, FLOODS, LANDSLIDES

Every rainy season, Indonesia suffers from heavy flooding and landslides. Three people have died and 100,000 have been displaced in Jakarta since Friday because of rain and floods.

The chaos in Jakarta caused air traffic problems in other parts of the region. The airport was closed for several hours on Friday by poor visibility, meaning many flights were delayed and others could not land, leading to a backlog and long delays in other cities including Singapore.

On Sunday morning, there were still more than 15 vehicles stuck in 70 cm (28 inches) of water on the toll road to Jakarta's Sukarno-Hatta airport and cranes were brought in to remove them.

"Passengers who are trapped in the floods are being evacuated with rubber boats and transferred to buses to take them to the airport," Wawan, of toll road management company PT Jasa Marga, told Reuters by telephone.

Rustam Pakaya, a health ministry official, said three people had died in west Jakarta and nearly 100,000 people were displaced, but few had reported diarrhoea or other problems.

Vera Yolanda Sari, a frustrated Jakarta resident, blamed the floods on poor planning and the clogging up of rivers by residents dumping trash.

"It is the city development that is not well planned, like constructing a building without considering the catchment area for water to be absorbed," said Sari.